Course detail

LZT5870 - Minerals for Ruminants


Credit hours

In-class work
per week
Practice
per week
Credits
Duration
Total
20
10
2
1 weeks
30 hours

Instructor
Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa
Flavio Augusto Portela Santos
Pedro Antônio Muniz Malafaia

Objective
The aim of the course is to discuss in detail concepts related to metabolism of minerals in ruminants, covering topics such as their function in the animal, requirements, with an overview of metabolic and dietary requirements. Furthermore, the program contemplates a discussion related to performance when deficiency is in place, with emphasis on Phosphorus, Sodium, Cobalt and Copper. In a final session, a specific time will be open for discussions with the postgraduates and industry professionals aiming to clarify some existent miths on mineral supplementation area, always based on data from scientific research.

Content
I- INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF MINERALS FOR RUMINANTS
Concepts, function, classification, requirement units, metabolic and dietary requirements, performance vs. mineral(s) deficiency(ies)
II –CALCIUM and PHOSPHORUS
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
III-SODIUM, CHORINE and POTASSIUM
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
IV- MAGNESIUM and SULFUR
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
V- IRON and COBALT
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VI- COPPER and IODINE
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VII- MANGANESE and SELENIUM
Metabolim, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VIII- ZINC and FLUORINE
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
IV- MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION FOR RUMINANTS
Types, how to observe clinical symptons, how to proceed in farms, how to evaluate the mineral supplement, economic aspects of mineral supplementation.
V- EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS AND DATA
Information on procedures that need to be regarded with experiments with P, Na, Co and Cu and Brazilian data. Experimental protocols and data with different levels of P in the diet of growing cattle in Australia.
VI- TECHNICAL DISCUSSION
Technical discussion with postgraduates and invited professionals from the beef and dairy industries.

Bibliography
Carvalho C.A.B., Peres A.A.C., Premazzi L.M., Malafaia P., Carvalho M.I.A.B., Paciullo D.S. & Costa V.A.C. PerformanceofdairyheifersraisedonXaraéspalissadgrass(Brachiariabrizanthacv. Xaraés) pasture supplemented with two types of mineral mixture. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(1):46-50.2014.
Malafaia P., Peixoto P.V., Gonçalves J.C.S., Moreira A.L., Costa D.P.B. & Correa W.S.Ganho de peso e custos em bovinos de corte submetidos a dois tipos de suplementos minerais. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 24(3):160-64. 2004.
Malafaia P., Pimentel V.A., Freitas K.P., Coelho C.D., Brito M.F. & Peixoto P.V. Desempenho ponderal, aspectos econômicos, nutricionais e clínicos de caprinos submetidos a dois esquemas de suplementação mineral. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 21(1):15-22. 2004.
Peixoto P.V., Malafaia P., Miranda L.V., Canella C.F.C., Canella Filho C.F.C. & Vilas Boas F.V.Eficiência reprodutiva de matrizes bovinas de corte submetidas a três diferentes tipos de suplementação mineral. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 23(3):125-30.2003.
Peixoto, P.V.; Malafaia, P.; Barbosa, J.D.; Tokarnia, C.H. Princípios de suplementação mineral em ruminantes. Pesq. Vet. Bras., v.25, n.3, p.195-200, 2005.
Tokarnia C.H., Peixoto P.V., Barbosa J.D., Brito M.F. &Döbereiner J. Deficiências Minerais em Animais de Produção. Editora Helianthus, Rio de Janeiro. 191p. 2010.
Underwood, E.J. & Suttle, N.F. The mineral nutrition of livestock. CABI Publishing, London, 609p. 2004.