Credit hours
In-class work per week |
Practice per week |
Credits |
Duration |
Total |
20 |
10 |
2 |
1 weeks |
30 hours |
Instructor
Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa
Guilhermo Francklin de Souza Congio
Pedro Antônio Muniz Malafaia
Objective
The aim of the course is to discuss in detail concepts related to metabolism of minerals in ruminants, covering topics such as their function in the animal, requirements, with an overview of metabolic and dietary requirements. Furthermore, the program contemplates a discussion related to performance when deficiency is in place, with emphasis on Phosphorus, Sodium, Cobalt and Copper. In a final session, a specific time will be open for discussions with the postgraduates and industry professionals aiming to clarify some existent miths on mineral supplementation area, always based on data from scientific research.
Content
I- INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF MINERALS FOR RUMINANTS
Concepts, function, classification, requirement units, metabolic and dietary requirements, performance vs. mineral(s) deficiency(ies)
II –CALCIUM and PHOSPHORUS
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
III-SODIUM, CHORINE and POTASSIUM
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
IV- MAGNESIUM and SULFUR
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
V- IRON and COBALT
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VI- COPPER and IODINE
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VII- MANGANESE and SELENIUM
Metabolim, clinical and nutritional aspects.
VIII- ZINC and FLUORINE
Metabolism, clinical and nutritional aspects.
IV- MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION FOR RUMINANTS
Types, how to observe clinical symptons, how to proceed in farms, how to evaluate the mineral supplement, economic aspects of mineral supplementation.
V- EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS AND DATA
Information on procedures that need to be regarded with experiments with P, Na, Co and Cu and Brazilian data.
VI- TECHNICAL DISCUSSION
Technical discussion with postgraduates and invited professionals from the beef and dairy industries.
Bibliography
Malafaia, P., Barbosa, J. D., Brito, M. F., Souza, V. C. d., & Costa, D. F. A. (2023). Phosphorus for Cattle and Buffaloes in Brazil: Clinical Signs and Diagnosis of Its Deficiency and Relevance, and Recommended Strategies to Alleviate Issues Observed under Grazing Conditions. Ruminants, 3(1), 55-75. https://www.mdpi.com/2673-933X/3/1/6
Lopes, S. P., Garcia, F. Z., Souza, V. C., Costa, D. F. A., & Malafaia, P. (2018). Bio-economic evaluation of a reduced phosphorus supplementation strategy for a cow-calf system in Brazil: a case study. Tropical Animal Health Production, 50(1), 205-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-017-1402-9
Malafaia, P., Garcia, F. Z., Lopes, S. P., Souza, V. C., Canella Filho, C. F. C., Costa, D. F. A., & Veiga, C. C. P. (2018). Evaluation of an inexpensive needle test for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency and management of phosphorus supplementation for cattle: A multiple case study. An Acad Bras Cienc, 0. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170683
Souza, V. C., Malafaia, P., Granja-Salcedo, Y. T., Vieira, B. R., Gomes, R. S., Costa, D. F. A., Negrão, J. A., Shimano, A. C., & Berchielli, T. T. (2018). Effects of phosphorus supplementation in high-grain diets on blood, chemical and physical parameters of bones of feedlot Nellore bulls. Animal Production Science, 58(10), 1814-1821. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/AN17003
Tokarnia C.H., Peixoto P.V., Barbosa J.D., Brito M.F. &Döbereiner J. Deficiências Minerais em Animais de Produção. Editora Helianthus, Rio de Janeiro. 191p. 2010.
Underwood, E.J. & Suttle, N.F. The mineral nutrition of livestock. CABI Publishing, London, 609p. 2004.