LSO5830 - Remote Sensing Applied to Soils

Credit hours

Instructor
Jose Alexandre Melo Dematte

Objective
Study soils through modern geoprocessing and remote sensing techniques. The basic objective is to provide the student with an understanding of the relationships between physical-chemical and mineralogical characteristics and their reflected electromagnetic energy. The spatial distribution of soils and their attributes is also evaluated through geoprocessing. Topics are covered such as: Pedological photointerpretation in its descriptive and quantitative aspects, the analysis of orbital and radar images, planialtimetric charts, field and laboratory spectral radiometry, soil factors that influence spectral data, the geographic information system, use of land, survey and interpretation of soil maps. These themes aim to improve the study of soils through unconventional techniques aiming at their characterization and relationship with appropriate use and management.

Content
General basis: Soil formation processes, soil profile, morphological characteristics, analytical determinations, position of occurrence in the relief, soil classification. Soil survey and mapping, base maps used, aerial photographs, orbital images, radar images, planialtimetric charts. Work sequence for creating a soil map using the conventional method. General interpretation for agricultural use.
Relationship between landscape X soil X aerial photographs X mapping. Advantages and disadvantages of using aerial photos in a survey, concepts of catena and toposequence and their importance in delimiting soils, concepts of aspects observed in aerial photographs and relationships with genesis, mapping techniques using aerial photos. Soil mapping sequence using aerial photographs.
Remote Sensing and geoprocessing: basic concepts. Data acquisition levels. Pedological photointerpretation: soil survey methods using aerial photos, elements used in photopedology, application of qualitative and quantitative studies in the study and survey of soils, drainage patterns of the main types of soil. Correlation between orbital and terrestrial levels (field and laboratory). Image processing systems and geographic information systems, and their applications in soil assessment for survey and management purposes. Perspectives on the use of orbital images in the study of soils.
Spectral behavior of soils. Use of images in soil mapping at a qualitative and quantitative level. Concept of reflectance and its relationship in the study of soils. Radiometry: Reflectance of targets. Basic concepts. Use of radiometry in the laboratory and field in the study of soils. Geometry to obtain spectral data at laboratory level. Most used sensors, general characteristics. Detailed study of spectral curves.
Types of curves, relationship with soil attributes. Qualitative and quantitative analysis. Soil discrimination using spectral data. Soil factors that influence reflectance. Applicability in the study of soils. Spectral curves of rocks. Spectral evolution of soils. Possibilities of application in soil surveys. Vegetation indices and their relationship with the soil line. Problems and perspectives. Georeferenced data processing. Use of the Global Positioning System and Geographic Information Systems to aid in soil assessment and management. Determination of digital soil maps. Spatial analysis of soils and their attributes. Relationships between Precision Agriculture with Geoprocessing and Remote Sensing applied to soils and management. CAD, GIS and image processing software are presented. The discipline features theoretical classes, practices carried out in class and extra class. Field and laboratory exercises, including the use of computers, sensors, digital images, GPS, colorimeters, digitizing tables, all related to the study of soils and their practical implications.

Bibliography
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