LCF5747 - Clonal Forestry

Credit hours

Instructor
Antonio Natal Gonçalves

Objective
The course aims to achieve the following objectives:
1. provide understanding of the physiological processes in the production, growth and development of clones of forest species;
2. to explain the mechanisms of regulation of physiological processes and the control of growth and development of tree clones;
3. develop competence and critical capacity regarding the impacts of technical, technological and scientific uses of clonal forests.

Content
I. Introduction
A. Presentation of the objectives of the program, work methodology and tasks
B. General aspects of clonal forestry.

II. Strategies for Genetic Improvement and Clone Production
A. Definition of the population to be propagated
1. species
2. origin
3. selected families
4. hybrids
5. individuals
6. Matrices
7. ecotypes
8. processed plants
9. pathogen free clones

B. Objectives of improvement
C. Size and structure of population
D. Identification and selection of clones
E. Clonal tests

III. Clone Variations
A. Somaclonal variation
1. genetic variation
2. epinetic variation
3. epigenic variation
4. other

B. Maturation, vigor, rejuvenation and cell totipotency
C. Effect C
D. M Effect
E. Cyclophysis, topophysis and heterochrony
F. Horse-rider interactions

IV. Clone Production Systems
A. Apomixia and polyembryonya
B. Propagation by specialized structures
C. Stake, layer, dipping, heaping, budding of trunks and roots
D. Grafting and bubbling
E. Micropropagation

V. Production of Clones of Physiologically Juvenile Material
A. Rooting of piles
B. Organogenesis
C. Somatic embryogenesis

SAW. Production of Clones of Physiologically Adult Material
A. Emxertia, borbulhia
B. Alporquia and immersed
C. Rooting of cuttings
D. Micropropagation
E. Macro x micropropagation

VII. Clonal Forestry and Uses
A. Urban forestry
B. Production of Christmas trees
C. Agroforestry systems
D. Others

VIII. Impacts and Risks of Clonal Forestry
A. Environmental
B. Genetics
C. Socio-economic
D. Technological
E. Ethics
F. Legal

IX. Policy, Legislation and Regulation Concerning Clonal Forestry

Bibliography
AHUJA, M.R. e LIBBY, W.J. Clonal Forestry. Berlin Springer-Verlag, 2v., 1993.
MOHR, H. e SCHOPFER, P. Plant Physiology. Trad. G. LAWLOR & D.W. LAWLOR. Berlin Springer-Verlag, 629p., 1995.
DANTES, P. Plant Hormones: physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Doidrecht Kluver Acadenic Publishers, 833p., 1995.
FOSKET, D.E. Plant Growth and Development: a molecular approach. San Diego. Academic Press, 580p., 1994.
BAJAJ, Y.P.S. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry: trees 4. Berlin Springer-Verlag, 437p., 1996.
LYNCH, M. e WALSH, B. Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Suderland, MA, 980p.
WEST - EBERHARD, M.J. Developmental plasticity and evolution, Oxford University Press, 794 p., 2003
ALFENAS, A.C. et al Clonagem de doenças de eucalyptus. UFU, 442 p., 2004
MEYER, P. Planta Epigenetics. Annual Plant - Reviews. 304 p, Vol 19. 2005
JABLONKA, E. and LAMB, M. Evolution in Four Dimensions. 472p., 2009.
XAVIER, A.; WENDLING, I. e SILVA, R.L. da. Silvicultura Clonal - Princípios e Técnicas. 272 p. 2009.
KOVALCHUK, I. ; ZEMP, F. Plant Epigenetics - Methods and Protocols. 255 p. 2010.
Periódicos da Área:
Tree Physiology
Revista Árvore
Revista Scientia Forestalis
Plant Physiology
Trees