Credit hours
In-class work per week |
Practice per week |
Credits |
Duration |
Total |
3 |
6 |
8 |
10 weeks |
120 hours |
Instructor
Geraldo Bortoletto Junior
Ivaldo Pontes Jankowsky
Objective
To provide students with basic knowledge about the main physical and mechanical properties of wood, as well as their interrelationships. To discuss the main approaches to wood industrialization through mechanical processing, analyzing the influence of physical and mechanical characteristics on both the process and the properties of the final product.
Content
Definition of physical properties; main physical properties of wood and their interrelationships. Specific gravity, density, and basic density; determination methods, variations within the tree, and interactions with other properties. Hygroscopicity, equilibrium moisture content, and fiber saturation point. Dimensional movement; determination methods, standardization, and comparison between standardized testing methods. Definitions and basic concepts of wood’s mechanical properties: force, strength, stress, strain, displacement, Hooke’s Law, stress/strain diagram, proportional limit, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture. Factors affecting the mechanical properties of wood: moisture content, specific gravity, presence of defects, temperature, loading speed, load increment, size and shape of test specimens. Testing methods; main types of mechanical tests for wood: bending, tension, compression, shear, hardness, toughness, cleavage, and nail withdrawal.
Bibliography
Books and theses:
ANDRADE, A.; JANKOWSKY, I. P. Pisos de madeira: características de espécies brasileiras. Piracicaba: ANPM-Associação Nacional dos Produtores de Pisos de Madeira, 2015. v. 1. 184p.
BORTOLETTO JÚNIOR, G. Produção de lâminas, compensado e Laminated Venner Lumber – LVL a partir da madeira de Pinus merkusii. 2006. 97. Tese (Livre Docência) - Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 2006.
BOWYER, J.L.; HAYGREEN, J.G.; SHMULSKY, R. Forest products and wood science: an introduction. Ames, Iowa:Blackwell, 2007. 558p.
GALVÃO, A.P.M. & JANKOWSKY, I.P. Secagem racional da madeira. São Paulo, Nobel, 1985. 112 p.
JANKOWSKY, I. P. Metodologia simplificada para a indicação de programas de secagem. 2009. 119 p. Tese (Livre Docência) – Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 2009.
HOADLEY, R.B. Understanding wood a craftsman’s guide to wood technology. Newtown, Tauton Press, 2000. 280p.
KOLMANN, F.F.P.; CÔTÈ, W.A. Principles of wood science and technology. Vol 2: Solid Wood. New York, SpringerVerlag, 1968. 592 p.
PANSHIN, A.J.; ZEEUW, C. Textbook of wood technology. New York, Mcgraw-Hill, v.1. 1970. 705 p. SCHWEINGRUBER, F.H. Wood structure and environment. Berlin, Springer, 2007. 279p.
ROSS, R. Wood handbook: wood as an engeneering material. General Technical Report. Forest Products Laboratory. FPL-GTR-282. Madison: FPL. 2021. Disponível em https://research.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/62200
SIAU, J.F. Transport processes in wood. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1984. 245 p. SKAAR, C. Wood-water relations. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1988. 283 p.
SUCHSLAND, O. The swelling and shrinking of wood a practical technology primer. Madison, Forest Products Society,2004. 189p.
VIGNOTE PEÑA, S.; ROJAS, I.M. Tecnología de la madera. Madrid, Ediciones Mundi-Prensa, 2006. 687p.
WALKER, J.C.F. Primary wood processing: principles and practice. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.
Articles:
ARAÚJO, H.J.B. Relações funcionais entre propriedades físicas e mecânicas de madeiras tropicais brasileiras. Floresta,Curitiba, v.37, n.3, p.399-416, set./dez.2007.
BEALL, F.C. Industrial applications and opportunities for nondestructive evaluation of structural wood members. Maderas:Ciencia y Tecnología, Concepcion, v.9, n.2, p.127-34, 2007.
BORTOLETTO JÚNIOR, G. Estudo de algumas propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de Pinus merkusii. Scientia Forestalis, Piracicaba, v. 36, n.79, p. 237-243, 2008.
JANKOWSKY, I.P.; LUIZ, M.G. Review of wood drying research in Brazil: 1984-2004. Drying Technology, v. 24, p. 447-455, 2006.
RESCH, H. Considering changes in wood utilization: A European perspective. Maderas: Ciencia y Tecnología,Concepcion, v.10, n.1, p.61-8, 2008.
TAKESHITA, S.; JANKOWSKY, I. P. Redução na movimentação dimensional da madeira de Jatobá (Hymenaea sp.) e Muiracatiara (Astronium sp.) submetidas a tratamento térmico adicional.SCIENTIA FORESTALIS, v. 43, p. 345-352,2015.
Journals:
Wood Science and Technology; Forest Products Journal; European Journal of Wood and Wood Products; Maderas:Ciencia y Tecnología; Scientia Forestalis; Cerne; Árvore.